What principle ensures that no single branch of government holds absolute power?

The principle that guarantees no single branch of government holds absolute power is the separation of powers. This concept divides government responsibilities into distinct branches: typically the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. Each branch has its own functions and powers, which creates a system of checks and balances. This framework ensures that power is distributed and that each branch can limit the others’ actions, preventing any one branch from becoming too powerful or abusing its authority. This principle is essential for maintaining a democratic government and protecting individual freedoms.

Judicial review relates to the courts’ ability to interpret laws and assess their constitutionality but does not inherently prevent one branch from gaining power. The Electoral College is related to the electoral process for selecting the President and does not address the separation of powers among branches of government. Federalism involves the distribution of power between state and national governments, which is a separate concept from the balancing of powers within the federal structure itself.